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A software update is a change or fix to a program that replaces the older version. There may just be a few tweaks to improve the way it works, or it could offer entirely new features. Updates or patches are also done to fix security vulnerabilities. These upda...

Deployment is a shift of software from one controlled environment to another. On the other hand, releases are a collection of changes delivered to the Production environment for users to experience. Applications need several updates, security patches, and code...

Risk is the future uncertainty between potential events and the potential for loss. Classic software documentation states that every deployment process should undergo a thorough inspection. This may increase test costs but reduce risks of failure. Some guideli...

System failures and errors can happen at any stage of a system implementation, from development to testing to deployment. To mitigate this risk the following should be put in place:  Before starting implementing of a new system or making changes to an exist...

Software security is critical because a malware attack can cause extreme damage to any piece of software while compromising integrity, authentication, and availability. If programmers take this into account in the programming stage and not afterward, damage ca...

Vulnerability management refers to the process of discovering, identifying, cataloging, remediating, and mitigating vulnerabilities found in software or hardware. Patch management refers to the process of identifying, testing, deploying, and verifying patches ...

Software and data integrity failures frequently occur when the code implementation and the underlying infrastructure lack the ability to protect the code against all integrity violations. This happens when security is not considered during the design or the co...

Security refers to the systems and controls that a company implements to protect its assets, and compliance refers to meeting the standards that a third-party has set forth as best practices or legal requirements. Security compliance management is an ongoing ...

Software documentation is any documentation produced to describe various aspects about a particular software system This makes the life of all the members associated with the software easier. It may contain anything from requirements documentation, design docu...

A software knowledge base is a repository or library of information about a software product. Users can consult knowledge base texts to answer their questions and clear up ambiguities regarding the software. The documents in a knowledge base address the users’...

Accessible documents benefit all authorized persons by making information clear, direct, easy to understand, and most importantly, usable by a wide audience, including people with disabilities and those who use a variety of devices, software and hardware. To ...

System monitoring is the process of collecting and analyzing data about the performance and availability of your IT infrastructure. It helps you identify and troubleshoot issues, optimize resource utilization, and plan for future needs. Adopt automated tools....

Key Performance Indicators help define your strategy and clear focus. Metrics are your “business as usual” measures that still add value to your organization but aren't the critical measure you need to achieve. Every KPI is a metric, but not every metric is a ...

Software support and maintenance teams should regularly report their performance to their stakeholders.  Reporting should be based on agreed metrics and KPIs such as Software Uptime/downtime, Average issue response time, average issue resolution time and user ...

The terms data protection and data privacy are often used interchangeably, but there is an important difference between the two. Data privacy defines who has access to data, while data protection provides tools and policies to actually restrict access to the d...

The definition of intellectual property (IP) rights is any and all rights associated with intangible assets owned by a person or company and protected against use without consent. Intangible assets refer to non-physical property, including right of ownership i...

Purpose The purpose of the Software Architecture Guidelines document is to provide a comprehensive and standardized framework for designing, implementing, and maintaining software architectures across all government institutions under the oversight of the Rwa...

The Ministry of ICT and Innovation (MINICT) and the Rwanda Information Society Authority (RISA) are working together to strengthen the country’s ICT skills, guided by national targets under NST2. This includes major initiatives such as training one million cod...

The objective of these guidelines is to: Provide a clear and supportive framework for navigating the full training journey. Ensure a transparent and easy-to-follow process for all training steps. Align training activities with institutional priorities to ...

These guidelines apply to: All public servants in the ICT sector, including IT staff, support teams, division managers, executives, and shared staff. These guidelines do not apply to: Short-term contract staff. Employees still on probation.