List of Abbreviations

RISA: Rwanda Information Society Authority 

 GoR: Government of Rwanda 

 PbD: Privacy by Design 

 BYOD: Bring Your Own Device 

 RBAC: Role-Based Access Control 

 PAM: Privileged Access Management 

 MFA: Multi-Factor Authentication 

 OWASP: Open Worldwide Application Security Project 

 CERT: Computer Emergency Response Team 

 CIA: Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability 

 PIA: Privacy Impact Assessment 

 SAST: Static Application Security Testing 

 CI/CD: Continuous Integration / Continuous Deployment 

 DAST: Dynamic Application Security Testing 

 IDS/IPS: Intrusion Detection System / Intrusion Prevention System 

 SIEM: Security Information and Event Management 

 KPIs: Key Performance Indicators 

 NCSA: National Cyber Security Authority